Design and simulation of a 2.4 ghz microstrip patch antenna

Abstract

In this thesis, an optimization method based on IE3D is used to design an Inset Feed Linearly Polarized Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna. The aim of the thesis is to design an inset fed rectangular Microstrip Antenna and study the effect of antenna dimensions length (L) , width (W) and substrate parameters relative dielectric constant (εr) , substrate thickness on Radiation parameters of band width. low dielectric constant substrates are generally preferred for maximum radiation. The conducting patch can take any shape but rectangular and circular configurations are the most commonly used configuration. Other configurations are complex to analyze and require heavy numerical computations. The length of the antenna is nearly half wavelength in the dielectric; it is a very critical parameter, which governs the resonant frequency of the antenna. In view of design, selection of the patch width and length are the major parameters along with the feed line depth. Desired Patch antenna design is initially simulated by using IE3D simulator. And Patch antenna is realized as per design requirements. With this design slightly modified, dual band frequencies can be obtained. In this thesis, the resonant frequency is 2.4 GHz. At first, the dimensions of the rectangular patch antenna have been calculated. With those quantitative results then the simulation has been done. While doing simulation in practical case there has been a slight deviation in the desired frequency bandwidth. An optimization was taken to the dimensions for re-establish the frequency band at 2.4 GHz.