Performance Comparison of Different Types of Beam Forming Algorithms for Smart Antenna

Abstract

In recent years there has been a rapid growth in the number of wireless users, particularly in the area of mobile communications. This rapid growth in mobile communications demands for more system capacity through efficient utilization of frequency spectrum and also keeping the Interference as low as possible. In today’s Radio resource management, Adaptive array antennas have an important role in increasing the system capacity and controlling the interference in mobile communications. Adaptive array antenna is an antenna system, which uses spatially separated antennas called array antennas and processes the received signals with a digital signal processor. Simply speaking these array antennas can reduce the co-channel interference and effectively utilize the bandwidth by steering a high gain in the direction of interest and low gains in the undesired directions, technically this is called adaptive beamforming. This adaptive beamforming enables the base station to form narrow beam towards desired user and nulls towards the interfering user, hence improving the signal quality.