Design and Analysis of Heat Sink Configurations for Passive Cooling of Solar Panels

Ahmed, Ishtiaq; Farhin, Hossain Azmain; Heme, Saziea Afrin

IUT Repository Home
→
Mechanical and Production Engineering (MPE)
→
Thesis
→
Undergraduate
→
2022
→
View Item

dc.contributor.author	Ahmed, Ishtiaq
dc.contributor.author	Farhin, Hossain Azmain
dc.contributor.author	Heme, Saziea Afrin
dc.date.accessioned	2023-03-13T08:20:01Z
dc.date.available	2023-03-13T08:20:01Z
dc.date.issued	2022-05-30
dc.identifier.citation	[1] Shiva Kumar B, Sudhakar K. Performance evaluation of 10 MW grid connected solar photovoltaic power plant in India. Energy Reports 2015;1:184–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2015.10.001. [2] IRENA. Solar Energy Data. Install Capacit Trends 2019:1–5. https://www.irena.org/solar. [3] Fesharaki VJ, Dehghani M, Fesharaki JJ, Tavasoli H. The Effect of Temperature on Photovoltaic Cell Efficiency. Proceeding 1st Int Conf Emerg Trends Energy Conserv 2011:20–1. [4] Siecker J, Kusakana K, Numbi BP. A review of solar photovoltaic systems cooling technologies. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017;79:192–203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.053. [5] de Winter F. Solar collectors, energy storage, and materials n.d. [6] Bakari R, Minja RJA, Njau KN. Effect of Glass Thickness on Performance of Flat Plate Solar Collectors for Fruits Drying. J Energy 2014;2014:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/247287. [7] Badiee A, Ashcroft IA, Wildman RD. The thermo-mechanical degradation of ethylene vinyl acetate used as a solar panel adhesive and encapsulant. Int J Adhes Adhes 2016;68:212–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2016.03.008. [8] Jiang S, Wang K, Zhang H, Ding Y, Yu Q. Encapsulation of PV Modules Using Ethylene Vinyl Acetate Copolymer as the Encapsulant. Macromol React Eng 2015;9:522–9. https://doi.org/10.1002/mren.201400065. [9] Alaaeddin MH, Sapuan SM, Zuhri MYM, Zainudin ES, Al-Oqla FM. Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF); Its Properties, Applications, and Manufacturing Prospects. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng 2019;538. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757- 899X/538/1/012010. [10] Ebnesajjad S. Polyvinyl Fluoride: Technology and Applications of PVF. Elsevier; 2012. https://doi.org/10.1016/C2011-0-05117-7. 60 [11] Zhang D, Allagui A. Chapter 8 - Fundamentals and performance of solar photovoltaic systems. In: Assad MEH, Rosen MA, editors. Des. Perform. Optim. Renew. Energy Syst., Academic Press; 2021, p. 117–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-821602-6.00009-2. [12] Jiang L, Cui S, Sun P, Wang Y, Yang C. Comparison of Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Solar Modules. Proc 2020 IEEE 5th Inf Technol Mechatronics Eng Conf ITOEC 2020 2020:341–4. https://doi.org/10.1109/ITOEC49072.2020.9141722. [13] Martin II J. Monocrystalline vs Polycrystalline Solar Panels: Busting Myths 2012. https://www.solarchoice.net.au/blog/monocrystalline-vs-polycrystallinesolar- panels-busting-myths/. [14] Perraki V. Temperature Dependence on the Photovoltaic Properties of Selected Thin-Film Modules. Int J Renew Sustain Energy 2013;2:140. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijrse.20130204.12. [15] Green M, Dunlop E, Hohl-Ebinger J, Yoshita M, Kopidakis N, Hao X. Solar cell efficiency tables (version 57). Prog Photovoltaics Res Appl 2021;29:3–15. https://doi.org/10.1002/pip.3371. [16] Cui Y, Yao H, Hong L, Zhang T, Tang Y, Lin B, et al. 17% efficiency organic photovoltaic cell with superior processability. Natl Sci Rev 2019;7. https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwz200. [17] Gaglia AG, Lykoudis S, Argiriou AA, Balaras CA, Dialynas E. Energy efficiency of PV panels under real outdoor conditions–An experimental assessment in Athens, Greece. Renew Energy 2017;101:236–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2016.08.051. [18] Du D, Darkwa J, Kokogiannakis G. Thermal management systems for Photovoltaics (PV) installations: A critical review. Sol Energy 2013;97:238–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2013.08.018. [19] Atsu D, Seres I, Aghaei M, Farkas I. Analysis of long-term performance and reliability of PV modules under tropical climatic conditions in sub-Saharan. Renew Energy 2020;162:285–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2020.08.021. 61 [20] Bahaidarah HMS, Baloch AAB, Gandhidasan P. Uniform cooling of photovoltaic panels: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2016;57:1520–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.12.064. [21] Barako MT, Park W, Marconnet AM, Asheghi M, Goodson KE. Thermal cycling, mechanical degradation, and the effective figure of merit of a thermoelectric module. J Electron Mater 2013;42:372–81. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-012-2366-1. [22] Ndiaye A, Kébé CMF, Charki A, Ndiaye PA, Sambou V, Kobi A. Degradation evaluation of crystalline-silicon photovoltaic modules after a few operation years in a tropical environment. Sol Energy 2014;103:70–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2014.02.006. [23] Kumar M, Kumar A. Performance assessment and degradation analysis of solar photovoltaic technologies: A review. Renew Sustain Energy Rev 2017;78:554– 87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.04.083. [24] Dwivedi P, Sudhakar K, Soni A, Solomin E, Kirpichnikova I. Advanced cooling techniques of P.V. modules: A state of art. Case Stud Therm Eng 2020;21:100674. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100674. [25] Cuce E, Bali T, Sekucoglu SA. Effects of passive cooling on performance of silicon photovoltaic cells. Int J Low-Carbon Technol 2011;6:299–308. https://doi.org/10.1093/ijlct/ctr018. [26] Gotmare JA, Borkar DS, Hatwar PR. Experimental Investigation of Pv Panel With Fin Cooling Under Natural Convection 2015:447–54. [27] El Mays A, Ammar R, Hawa M, Akroush MA, Hachem F, Khaled M, et al. Improving Photovoltaic Panel Using Finned Plate of Aluminum. Energy Procedia 2017;119:812–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.07.103. [28] Bayrak F, Oztop HF, Selimefendigil F. Effects of different fin parameters on temperature and efficiency for cooling of photovoltaic panels under natural convection. Sol Energy 2019;188:484–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2019.06.036. [29] Elbreki AM, Sopian K, Fazlizan A, Ibrahim A. An innovative technique of 62 passive cooling PV module using lapping fins and planner reflector. Case Stud Therm Eng 2020;19:100607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csite.2020.100607. [30] Arifin Z, Tjahjana DDDP, Hadi S, Rachmanto RA, Setyohandoko G, Sutanto B. Numerical and experimental investigation of air cooling for photovoltaic panels using aluminum heat sinks. Int J Photoenergy 2020;2020. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/1574274. [31] Popovici CG, Hudişteanu SV, Mateescu TD, Cherecheş NC. Efficiency Improvement of Photovoltaic Panels by Using Air Cooled Heat Sinks. Energy Procedia 2016;85:425–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2015.12.223. [32] Haque MA, Miah MAK, Hossain S, Rahman MH. Passive cooling configurations for enhancing the photovoltaic efficiency in hot climatic conditions. J Sol Energy Eng 2021:1–25. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4052062. [33] Salami P, Ajabshirchi Y, Abdollahpoor S, Behfar H. A Comparison Among Different Parameters for the Design of a Photovoltaic/Thermal System Using Computational Fluid Dynamics. Eng Technol Appl Sci Res 2016;6:1119–23. https://doi.org/10.48084/etasr.667. [34] Marinić-Kragić I, Nižetić S, Grubišić-Čabo F, Čoko D. Analysis and optimization of passive cooling approach for free-standing photovoltaic panel: Introduction of slits. Energy Convers Manag 2020;204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2019.112277. [35] Selimefendigil F, Bayrak F, Oztop HF. Experimental analysis and dynamic modeling of a photovoltaic module with porous fins. Renew Energy 2018;125:193–205. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2018.02.002. [36] Hasan DJ, Farhan AA. Enhancing the efficiency of photovoltaic panel using open-cell copper metal foam fins. Int J Renew Energy Res 2019;9:1849–55. [37] Kim J, Bae S, Yu Y, Nam Y. Experimental and numerical study on the cooling performance of fins and metal mesh attached on a photovoltaic module. Energies 2019;13. https://doi.org/10.3390/en13010085. [38] Grubišić-Čabo F, Nižetić S, Marinić Kragić I, Čoko D. Further progress in the research of fin-based passive cooling technique for the free-standing silicon 63 photovoltaic panels. Int J Energy Res 2019;43:3475–95. https://doi.org/10.1002/er.4489. [39] Devcon. Devcon R2-42 Techincal Data Sheet n.d. https://www.surtimex.com/files/F-0022-0004.pdf. [40] SubsTech. Wrought Aluminum Alloy 1100 n.d. https://www.substech.com/dokuwiki/doku.php?id=wrought_aluminum_alloy_1 100. [41] Hernandez-Perez JG, Carrillo JG, Bassam A, Flota-Banuelos M, Patino-Lopez LD. A new passive PV heatsink design to reduce efficiency losses: A computational and experimental evaluation. Renew Energy 2020;147:1209–20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.09.088. [42] Daut I, Zainuddin F, Irwan YM, Razliana ARN. Analysis of solar irradiance and solar energy in perlis, northern of peninsular Malaysia. Energy Procedia 2012;18:1421–7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2012.05.158.	en_US
dc.identifier.uri	http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1762
dc.description	Supervised by Dr. Md. Hamidur Rahman, Professor, Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering (MPE), Islamic University of Technology (IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh. This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical and Production Engineering, 2022.	en_US
dc.description.abstract	The reduction in efficiency of polycrystalline solar panels at very high operating temperatures demands the implementation of effective cooling solutions to dissipate the excess heat from the photovoltaic (PV) module. Passive cooling solutions such as the use of heat sinks provide effective and economical ways to reduce the working temperature of PV modules while making zero contribution to emissions and climate change. The performance of the heat sink is highly dependent on the design geometry and the arrangement of the heat sinks over the lower surface of the solar panel. This study aims to find the performances of five different geometries of aluminium heat sinks to be used for cooling solar panels. Additionally, a comparative analysis of their relative performances under controlled environmental variables is made to find out the best performing model among the selections. The study is performed by numerical simulations under steady-state analysis, where the numerical model is validated using verified, previously published research. The results show that an arrangement of solid T shaped aluminium fins as heat sinks provides the best performance among the five geometries chosen for comparison, while perforated heat sinks perform relatively worse. The best performing geometry provides 3.14% further reduction in PV module temperature compared to its perforated counterpart. Furthermore, the variation of the average PV module temperature has been compared against the incoming solar radiation or heat flux, ambient temperature, as well as the convection heat transfer coefficients in respective graphs for each heat sink geometry, where the relationship between each pair of data has been identified. The analysis reveals that performance differences may be better observed at low values for the convection coefficient and high values for the ambient temperatures. As the methodology followed in this study provides a base model for comparing the relative performances of the heat sink geometries chosen, the same model can be applied to compare other heat sink geometries to establish comparison among themselves as well, thus providing scopes of continuation of this work.	en_US
dc.language.iso	en	en_US
dc.publisher	Department of Mechanical and Production Engineering, Islamic University of Technology, Gazipur, Bangladesh	en_US
dc.subject	Photovoltaic module, solar panel, heat sink, aluminium, passive cooling, steady state analysis.	en_US
dc.title	Design and Analysis of Heat Sink Configurations for Passive Cooling of Solar Panels	en_US
dc.type	Thesis	en_US