- IUT Repository Home
- →
- Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE)
- →
- Thesis
- →
- Undergraduate
- →
- 2023
- →
- View Item
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.
| dc.contributor.author | Saima, Sabrina | |
| dc.contributor.author | Pranti, Irina Anjum | |
| dc.contributor.author | Mumu, Sheza Aini | |
| dc.contributor.author | Saifa, Umama Kamrul | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-01-17T09:38:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-01-17T09:38:38Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-04-30 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | [1] R. Al Mahmud, M. O. Faruque, and R. H. Sagor, “Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor Based on Ring-Type Pentagonal Resonator with High Sensitivity,” Plasmonics, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 873–880, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11468-020-01357-7. [2] F. Vollmer and D. Yu, “Surface Plasmon Resonance,” 2020, pp. 61–115. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-60235-2_2. [3] R. Al Mahmud, M. O. Faruque, and R. H. Sagor, “A highly sensitive plasmonic refractive index sensor based on triangular resonator,” Opt Commun, vol. 483, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2020.126634. [4] Y. Zhang et al., “High-sensitivity refractive index sensors based on Fano resonance in the plasmonic system of splitting ring cavity-coupled MIM waveguide with tooth cavity,” Appl Phys A Mater Sci Process, vol. 125, no. 1, p. 0, 2019, doi: 10.1007/S00339-018- 2283-0. [5] M. F. Hassan, I. Tathfif, M. Radoan, and R. H. Sagor, “A concentric double-ring resonator based plasmonic refractive index sensor with glucose sensing capability,” in IEEE Region 10 Annual International Conference, Proceedings/TENCON, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Nov. 2020, pp. 91–96. doi: 10.1109/TENCON50793.2020.9293901. [6] M. R. Rakhshani and M. A. Mansouri-Birjandi, “Dual wavelength demultiplexer based on metal-insulator-metal plasmonic circular ring resonators,” J Mod Opt, vol. 63, no. 11, pp. 1078–1086, Jun. 2016, doi: 10.1080/09500340.2015.1125962. [7] Z. Zhang et al., “Plasmonic refractive index sensor with high figure of merit based on concentric-rings resonator,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 18, no. 1, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18010116. [8] S. C. Kilic and S. Kocaman, “High Sensitivity Fano-Like Rod-Type Silicon Photonic Crystal Refractive Index Sensor,” in 2020 14th International Congress on Artificial Materials for Novel Wave Phenomena, Metamaterials 2020, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., Sep. 2020, pp. 385–387. doi: 10.1109/Metamaterials49557.2020.9285020. [9] S. Zou, F. Wang, R. Liang, L. Xiao, and M. Hu, “A nanoscale refractive index sensor based on asymmetric plasmonic waveguide with a ring resonator: A review,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 646–650, Feb. 2015, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2014.2364251. [10] J. H. Zhu, Q. J. Wang, P. Shum, and X. G. Huang, “A nanoplasmonic high-pass wavelength filter based on a metal-insulator- metal circuitous waveguide,” IEEE Trans Nanotechnol, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. 1357–1361, Nov. 2011, doi: 10.1109/TNANO.2011.2136385. 63 [11] Stefan A. Maier, PLASMONICS_Fundamentals and Applications_Maier_Springer 2006. 2007. [12] M. A. Jabin et al., “Surface Plasmon Resonance Based Titanium Coated Biosensor for Cancer Cell Detection,” IEEE Photonics J, vol. 11, no. 4, p. 1, 2019, doi: 10.1109/JPHOT.2019.2924825. [13] S. Rohimah et al., “Fano Resonance in the Plasmonic Structure of MIM Waveguide with r-Shaped Resonator for Refractive Index Sensor,” Plasmonics, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 1681– 1689, 2022, doi: 10.1007/s11468-022-01655-2. [14] A. Harhouz and A. Hocini, “Highly sensitive plasmonic temperature sensor based on Fano resonances in MIM waveguide coupled with defective oval resonator,” Opt Quantum Electron, vol. 53, no. 8, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s11082-021-03088-3. [15] K. S. Rashid, M. F. Hassan, A. A. Yaseer, I. Tathfif, and R. H. Sagor, “Gas-sensing and label-free detection of biomaterials employing multiple rings structured plasmonic nanosensor,” Sens Biosensing Res, vol. 33, p. 100440, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.sbsr.2021.100440. [16] Y. Zhang and M. Cui, “Refractive Index Sensor Based on the Symmetric MIM Waveguide Structure,” J Electron Mater, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 1005–1010, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11664-018-6823-3. [17] X. Yang, E. Hua, M. Wang, Y. Wang, F. Wen, and S. Yan, “Fano resonance in a mim waveguide with two triangle stubs coupled with a split-ring nanocavity for sensing application,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 22, Nov. 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19224972. [18] X. Zhang, Y. Qi, P. Zhou, H. Gong, B. Hu, and C. Yan, “Refractive Index Sensor Based on Fano Resonances in Plasmonic Waveguide With Dual Side-Coupled Ring Resonators,” Photonic Sensors, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 367–374, 2018, doi: 10.1007/s13320-018-0509-6. [19] X. Zhang, M. Shao, and X. Zeng, “High quality plasmonic sensors based on fano resonances created through cascading double asymmetric cavities,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 16, no. 10, 2016, doi: 10.3390/s16101730. [20] N. Jankovic and N. Cselyuszka, “Multiple fano-like MIM plasmonic structure based on triangular resonator for refractive index sensing,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 18, no. 1, Jan. 2018, doi: 10.3390/s18010287. [21] M. F. Hassan, R. H. Sagor, M. R. Amin, M. R. Islam, and M. S. Alam, “Point of Care Detection of Blood Electrolytes and Glucose Utilizing Nano-Dot Enhanced Plasmonic Biosensor,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 21, no. 16, pp. 17749–17757, 2021, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2021.3082756. [22] K. S. Rashid, I. Tathfif, A. A. Yaseer, Md. F. Hassan, and R. H. Sagor, “Cog-shaped refractive index sensor embedded with gold nanorods for temperature sensing of multiple analytes,” Opt Express, vol. 29, no. 23, p. 37541, 2021, doi: 10.1364/oe.442954. 64 [23] R. Zafar and M. Salim, “Enhanced Figure of Merit in Fano Resonance-Based Plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 15, no. 11, pp. 6313–6317, 2015, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2015.2455534. [24] Y. Zhang et al., “High-sensitivity refractive index sensors based on Fano resonance in the plasmonic system of splitting ring cavity-coupled MIM waveguide with tooth cavity,” Applied Physics A, vol. 125, no. 1, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1007/s00339-018-2283-0. [25] X. Yi, J. Tian, and R. Yang, “Tunable Fano resonance in plasmonic MDM waveguide with a square type split-ring resonator,” Optik (Stuttg), vol. 171, pp. 139–148, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2018.06.027. [26] Z. Zhang, L. Luo, C. Xue, W. Zhang, and S. Yan, “Fano resonance based on metal insulator-metal waveguide-coupled double rectangular cavities for plasmonic nanosensors,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 22–24, 2016, doi: 10.3390/s16050642. [27] J. Zhou et al., “Transmission and refractive index sensing based on fanoresonance in MIM waveguide-coupled trapezoid cavity,” AIP Adv, vol. 7, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.1063/1.4974075. [28] F. Chen and D. Yao, “Realizing of plasmon Fano resonance with a metal nanowall moving along MIM waveguide,” Opt Commun, vol. 369, pp. 72–78, 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2016.02.024. [29] M. Wang, M. Zhang, Y. Wang, R. Zhao, and S. Yan, “Fano resonance in an asymmetric MIM waveguide structure and its application in a refractive index nanosensor,” Sensors (Switzerland), vol. 19, no. 4, 2019, doi: 10.3390/s19040791. [30] Z. Li et al., “Control of Multiple Fano Resonances Based on a Subwavelength MIM Coupled Cavities System,” IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 59369–59375, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2914466. [31] M. F. Hassan, M. M. Hasan, M. Radoan, and R. H. Sagor, “Design and Performance Analysis of an Ultra-compact Nano-plasmonic Refractive Index Sensor,” 2020 8th International Electrical Engineering Congress, iEECON 2020, no. Mdm, 2020, doi: 10.1109/iEECON48109.2020.229582. [32] I. Tathfif, M. F. Hassan, K. S. Rashid, A. A. Yaseer, and R. H. Sagor, “A highly sensitive plasmonic refractive index sensor based on concentric triple ring resonator for cancer biomarker and chemical concentration detection,” Opt Commun, vol. 519, no. April, p. 128429, 2022, doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2022.128429. [33] I. Tathfif, K. S. Rashid, A. A. Yaseer, and R. H. Sagor, “Alternative material titanium nitride based refractive index sensor embedded with defects: An emerging solution in sensing arena,” Results Phys, vol. 29, p. 104795, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2021.104795. 65 [34] I. Munteanu and T. Weiland, “RF & Microwave Simulation with the Finite Integration Technique – From Component to System Design,” pp. 247–260, 2007, doi: 10.1007/978- 3-540-71980-9_26. [35] T. Weiland, “Time domain electromagnetic field computation with finite difference methods,” International Journal of Numerical Modelling: Electronic Networks, Devices and Fields, vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 295–319, 1996, doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1099- 1204(199607)9:4<295::AID-JNM240>3.0.CO;2-8. [36] Z. Rahimi, “The Finite Integration Technique ( FIT ) and the Application in Lithography Simulations,” p. 132, 2011, [Online]. Available: https://opus4.kobv.de/opus4- fau/files/1788/PDFE.pdf [37] J. B. S. L D Landau, J. S. Bell, M. J. Kearsley, L. P. Pitaevskii, E.M. Lifshitz, Electrodynamics of Continuous Media. 1984. [38] E. Palik, Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids. 1991. [39] W. Lai, K. Wen, J. Lin, Z. Guo, Q. Hu, and Y. Fang, “Plasmonic filter and sensor based on a subwavelength end-coupled hexagonal resonator,” Appl Opt, vol. 57, no. 22, p. 6369, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.1364/AO.57.006369. [40] S. Khani, M. Danaie, and P. Rezaei, “Tunable single-mode bandpass filter based on metal–insulator–metal plasmonic coupled U-shaped cavities,” IET Optoelectronics, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 161–171, 2019, doi: 10.1049/iet-opt.2018.5098. [41] D. Barchiesi and T. Grosges, “Fitting the optical constants of gold, silver, chromium, titanium, and aluminum in the visible bandwidth,” J Nanophotonics, vol. 8, no. 1, p. 083097, Jan. 2014, doi: 10.1117/1.JNP.8.083097. [42] H. Emami Nejad, A. Mir, and A. Farmani, “Supersensitive and Tunable Nano-Biosensor for Cancer Detection,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 19, no. 13, pp. 4874–4881, Jul. 2019, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2899886. [43] C.-B. Yu et al., “Graphene oxide deposited microfiber knot resonator for gas sensing,” Opt Mater Express, vol. 6, no. 3, p. 727, Mar. 2016, doi: 10.1364/ome.6.000727. [44] M. A. Butt, S. N. Khonina, and N. L. Kazanskiy, “Metal-insulator-metal nano square ring resonator for gas sensing applications,” Waves in Random and Complex Media, vol. 31, no. 1. Taylor and Francis Ltd., pp. 146–156, 2021. doi: 10.1080/17455030.2019.1568609. [45] L. Ali, M. U. Mohammed, M. Khan, A. H. Bin Yousuf, and M. H. Chowdhury, “High Quality Optical Ring Resonator-Based Biosensor for Cancer Detection,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 1867–1875, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2019.2950664. [46] D. Mohammad and K. Behnam, “Design of a label-free photonic crystal refractive index sensor for biomedical applications,” Photonics Nanostruct, vol. 31, pp. 89–98, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.photonics.2018.06.004. 66 [47] R. H. Sagor, M. F. Hassan, A. A. Yaseer, E. Surid, and M. I. Ahmed, “Highly sensitive refractive index sensor optimized for blood group sensing utilizing the Fano resonance,” Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland), vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 521–534, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s13204-020-01622-5. [48] S. Chupradit et al., “Ultra-sensitive biosensor with simultaneous detection (Of cancer and diabetes) and analysis of deformation effects on dielectric rods in optical microstructure,” Coatings, vol. 11, no. 12, 2021, doi: 10.3390/coatings11121564. [49] D. G. (Dominik G. ) Rabus, Integrated ring resonators : the compendium. Springer, 2007. [50] X. P. Jin, X. G. Huang, J. Tao, X. S. Lin, and Q. Zhang, “A novel nanometeric plasmonic refractive index sensor,” IEEE Trans Nanotechnol, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 134–137, Mar. 2010, doi: 10.1109/TNANO.2009.2038909. [51] A. D. Rakic´, R. Rakic´, A. B. Djuriš, J. M. Elazar, and M. L. Majewski, “Optical properties of metallic films for vertical-cavity optoelectronic devices,” 1998. [52] T. Wu et al., “A nanometeric temperature sensor based on plasmonic waveguide with an ethanol-sealed rectangular cavity,” Opt Commun, vol. 339, pp. 1–6, Mar. 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2014.11.064. [53] K. Niitsu, S. Ota, K. Gamo, H. Kondo, M. Hori, and K. Nakazato, “Development of Microelectrode Arrays Using Electroless Plating for CMOS-Based Direct Counting of Bacterial and HeLa Cells,” IEEE Trans Biomed Circuits Syst, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 607–619, Oct. 2015, doi: 10.1109/TBCAS.2015.2479656. [54] X. Liang, Q. Zhang, and H. Jiang, “Quantitative reconstruction of refractive index distribution and imaging of glucose concentration using diffusing light,” Optics InfoBase Conference Papers, pp. 1–6, 2006, doi: 10.1364/bio.2006.sh38. [55] C. Y. Tan and Y. X. Huang, “Dependence of Refractive Index on Concentration and Temperature in Electrolyte Solution, Polar Solution, Nonpolar Solution, and Protein Solution,” J Chem Eng Data, vol. 60, no. 10, pp. 2827–2833, 2015, doi: 10.1021/acs.jced.5b00018. [56] C.-T. Chou Chao, Y.-F. Chou Chau, and H.-P. Chiang, “Biosensing on a Plasmonic Dual Band Perfect Absorber Using Intersection Nanostructure,” ACS Omega, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 1139–1149, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.1c05714. [57] X. J. Liang, A. Q. Liu, C. S. Lim, T. C. Ayi, and P. H. Yap, “Determining refractive index of single living cell using an integrated microchip,” Sens Actuators A Phys, vol. 133, no. 2, pp. 349–354, Feb. 2007, doi: 10.1016/j.sna.2006.06.045. [58] N. Ayyanar, G. Thavasi Raja, M. Sharma, and D. Sriram Kumar, “Photonic Crystal Fiber Based Refractive Index Sensor for Early Detection of Cancer,” IEEE Sens J, vol. 18, no. 17, pp. 7093–7099, Sep. 2018, doi: 10.1109/JSEN.2018.2854375 | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/2047 | |
| dc.description | Supervised by Prof. Dr. Rakibul Hasan Sagor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (EEE) Islamic University of Technology (IUT) Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh | en_US |
| dc.description.abstract | This thesis investigates the design, simulation, and performance evaluation of two distinct structures for highly sensitive refractive index sensors based on Metal-Insulator-Metal (MIM) waveguides. The first structure consists of a semi-circular ring with a baffle, while the second structure incorporates double concentric semi-circular rings. Both sensors utilize specifically designed cavities to hold the material under sensing (MUS), with silver filling the surrounding area. The Finite Element Method (FEM) implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics enables numerical analysis of the proposed models and demonstrates the linear relationship between the refractive index and the corresponding shift in the resonant wavelength. In the first structure, extensive simulations and parameter optimization are performed to achieve maximum sensitivity. By tuning the structural parameters, including Lr, Wc, G, and D, to optimized values of 440 nm, 29 nm, 25 nm, and 20 nm respectively, the sensor achieves a remarkable maximum sensitivity of 4859 nm/RIU within the refractive index range of 1.5 to 1.6. Furthermore, the sensor exhibits a high sensitivity of 4255 nm/RIU when detecting different concentrations of glucose solutions. These results establish the sensor's potential for on-chip bio-sensing and chemical applications due to its exceptional sensitivity, straightforward architecture, cost-efficiency, and promising performance as a glucometer. Building upon the success of the first structure, the second structure with double concentric semi-circular rings is developed. By carefully designing the structural parameters, such as the outer semicircle diameter (Lr) at 399 nm, waveguide width (W) at 20 nm, inner circle radius (R1) at 154 nm, and widths of the outer and inner semi-circular cavity sections (W1 and W2) at 26 nm and 29 nm respectively, the sensor achieves a maximum sensitivity of 11573 nm/RIU within the refractive index range of 1 to 1.05, making it particularly suitable for gas sensing applications. Moreover, satisfactory performance is observed across other refractive index ranges relevant to various biosensing regions, including 1.2 to 1.3, 1.3 to 1.4, and 1.4 to 1.5. Both structures capitalize on the linear relationship between the refractive index of the medium and the resonant wavelength, enabling the identification and characterization of unknown materials. By filling the concentric semi-circular cavities with different unknown solutions, a linear shift in the transmission peak is observed, providing valuable information about the refractive index of these solutions. In conclusion, the optimized designs of these refractive index sensors showcase exceptional performance and hold significant potential for gas sensing and biosensing applications. Their ability to accurately detect and analyze unknown substances positions them as promising candidates for a wide range of chemical and biological sensing applications | en_US |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Department of Electrical and Elecrtonics Engineering(EEE), Islamic University of Technology(IUT), Board Bazar, Gazipur-1704, Bangladesh | en_US |
| dc.title | Highly Sensitive Refractive Index Nano Sensors with Applications in Glucose Level Detection, and Gas Sensing | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |
Files in this item
This item appears in the following Collection(s)
-
2023 [40]