Treatment of effluent in textile washing industry and redesigning of ETP

Abstract

Due to its complicated composition and high concentrations of pollutants, textile effluent is a significant cause of pollution. Due to its complicated makeup and high concentration of contaminants, it has a number of detrimental effects on the environment. In this study, we sought to establish the ideal ratios of cationic polymer and polyaluminum chloride (PAC) for the coagulation of textile wastewater. We also looked at the possibility of using cactus as a natural coagulant for the purification of wastewater. For jar testing, different dosages of PAC and cationic polymer were used to gauge how well they reduced COD, pH, color, and TSS. The results showed that COD, pH, color, and TSS were all significantly reduced at an optimal dosage of 1.2 mg/L for both PAC and cationic polymer. Furthermore, the ideal dosage for TDS removal was found to be 0.4 mg/L. We can observe that for a dosage of 1.2 mg/L, the removal efficiencies for COD, Color, pH, TSS, and TS were, respectively, 31.11%, 98.15%, 100%, 98%, and 87.17%. TDS, however, is not eliminated. For a dosage of 4 mg/L, the TDS rises by at least 46.17%. Cactus was studied as a natural coagulant for textile wastewater treatment in order to investigate alternate coagulation methods. According to the results of the jar tests, cactus at its ideal dosage of 20 mg/L substantially reduced TDS, TSS, color, COD, and turbidity. For pH, the values are random and ranges from 8.05 to 8.22. So, cactus powder was not effective for pH. For DO, the optimum dosage was 230 mg/l. The dosage with less concentration just reduced DO. Removal efficiencies for TDS, TSS, DO, and color at an optimal dose of 20 mg/L are respectively 29.38%, 57%, 77.5% (DO addition), and 21.01%. However, turbidity and COD rise. The minimum turbidity addition is 20% for dosages under 20 mg/L, while the minimum COD increase is 15% for dosages under 20 mg/L. The pH value that comes closest to 7 is 8.09 at 230 mg/L. The design of various Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP) components for the textile washing industry is covered in this thesis paper. A bar screen, equalization tank, coagulation tank, flocculation tank, primary clarifier, aeration tank, and secondary clarifier are among the components that were designed. Each component is specifically created to solve the special difficulties involved in treating textile wastewater. To attain the target effluent quality, the design integrates the fundamentals of physical, chemical, and biological treatment procedures. The research's conclusions offer a thorough foundation for the development and application of an efficient ETP in the textile washing sectors, eventually promoting environmental sustainability and legal compliance