Optimizing River water Filtration: Improving Multimedia filter Design for Efficient Filtration

Abstract

Modern and effective water filtration techniques are required due to the growing pollution of river water caused by industrial discharge, agricultural runoff, and urbanization. The goal of this work is to improve the efficiency of river water filtration through the design of multimedia filters. Our approach aims to remove physical, chemical, and biological contaminants more effectively by combining different filtration media with unique properties. The study focuses on optimizing the arrangement and choice of filtration materials, such as sand, anthracite, and gravel, and examines their impact on flow rates, maintenance needs, and filtration efficiency. Experimental analysis shows that the optimized filter design achieved up to 73% reduction in turbidity, 74.6% removal of color, and a maximum of 35% decrease in Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The aim is to develop a multimedia filter design that maximizes contaminant removal efficiency while minimizing energy and maintenance costs. The results offer new perspectives on optimizing multimedia filters for treating river water. The optimized filter design is suitable for both urban and rural applications, providing an affordable and environmentally friendly solution to improve water quality. This study advances environmental engineering and protects public health by ensuring safer water for communities dependent on rivers for their daily needs.