Modeling and sensitivity analysis of a PEM fuel cell with waste heat recovery via zeotropic mixture in Organic Rankine cycle

Abstract

This study investigates the utilization of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) in conjunction with Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems to recover waste heat. It utilizes zeotropic mixes to enhance efficiency. The team utilizes mathematical modeling techniques for the performance enhancement of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) to optimize their output. The investigation identifies crucial aspects that enhance the effectiveness of the system, uncovering the optimal operating conditions. The waste heat produced by the Proton Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) is utilized to drive the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC), which employs zeotropic mixes to enhance thermal efficiency. This combination improves the efficiency of converting energy. The study evaluates four zeotropic mixtures, including Propane/R134a, R245fa/R134a, R123/R134a and Propane/Cis-Butene used as the operational fluid medium of the ORC system to determine the optimal heat recovery solutions. Furthermore, it investigates the impact of various environments on the performance of both PEMFC and ORC. This demonstrates the necessity for meticulous management and adjustment of system variables. The results demonstrate that integrating ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle). can significantly enhance energy recovery in the use of PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell), providing a robust choice for advanced energy systems. This study establishes the foundation for future enhancements to hybrid Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell-Organic Rankine Cycle setups, advancing the efficiency and sustainability of energy technology.